Have you ever noticed small changes in your body and thought they might mean something important? Sometimes, these small signs need attention. Colorectal cancer is one condition that can appear quietly, but if you know the warning signs, you can catch it early. Recognising the early signs of colorectal cancer can save your life. In this blog, we break it down simply for you. Here is what you should look out for.

What is Colorectal Cancer? ^[1]

Colorectal cancer starts in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the digestive system that help process food and remove waste. Like other cancers, it happens when abnormal cells grow too quickly, forming a tumour. It might be called colon cancer or rectal cancer depending on where it begins.

Importance of Recognising Early Signs and Symptoms ^[2]

Colorectal cancer usually takes years to develop. It often starts as a non-cancerous polyp (a small growth) inside the colon or rectum. Over time, these polyps can turn into cancer. By noticing early symptoms, people can get medical help sooner, which might stop the disease from getting worse. Catching it early not only improves the chances of survival but also makes treatment easier and less complicated.

Common Symptoms and Early Signs of Colorectal Cancer

The symptoms of colorectal cancer can be different for everyone, but there are some common signs to look out for. If any of these signs last for more than a few days, it is important to seek medical advice.

Changes in Bowel Habits ^[3]

A common early sign of colorectal cancer is a noticeable change in bowel habits. This could mean frequent constipation, diarrhea, or switching between the two. Some people may notice sudden, unexplained changes in how often they use the bathroom or see that their stool looks different. It is important to pay attention to these changes and talk to a doctor if they last for a while.

Rectal Bleeding or Blood in Stool ^[2]

Seeing blood in your stool or having rectal bleeding can be scary, and while there are many non-cancerous reasons for it, it can also be a sign of colorectal cancer. The blood might be bright red or make the stool look dark or like tar. If you notice any blood in your stool, even if it happens just once, it is important to get it checked right away.

Persistent Abdominal Discomfort ^[4]

Constant cramping, gas, bloating, or stomach pain that does not go away could be another early sign of colorectal cancer. Some people describe it as a general discomfort in the belly that lasts for weeks. If you have ongoing stomach discomfort that is not linked to your diet or other common reasons, it is a good idea to consult a healthcare professional.

Unexplained Weight Loss ^[5]

Sudden, unexplained weight loss may happen because of the body’s response to a growing tumour. If you are losing weight unexpectedly without trying, it is important to look into it and rule out any serious health issues.

Fatigue and Weakness ^[6]

Feeling unusually tired or weak, even after plenty of rest, can sometimes be a sign of colorectal cancer. This kind of fatigue is often due to internal bleeding, which can lead to anemia (a condition where the body does not have enough red blood cells to carry oxygen).

Narrow or Ribbon-Like Stools ^[7]

If your stool looks narrower or like a ribbon, it could mean there is a blockage in the colon, possibly from a tumour. While this can also happen due to other digestive problems, it is important not to ignore it, especially if it continues.

Feeling of Incomplete Bowel Movement ^[8]

Some people with colorectal cancer may feel like they have not completely emptied their bowels after going to the bathroom. This constant feeling of needing to go again, even after a bowel movement, could be a sign of something blocking the colon, like a tumour.

Conclusion

Your body has a way of telling you when something is not right, and it is important to listen to those signals. If you have noticed any of the signs we have highlighted, do not wait to get it checked out. A small step today could make a huge difference tomorrow. Early detection is key, and being aware of these symptoms can help you take control of your health.

Reference Links:

[1] https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/colon-rectal-cancer/about/what-is-colorectal-cancer.html
[2] https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14501-colorectal-colon-cancer
[3] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/colon-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20353669
[4] https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/colon-cancer/colon-cancer-symptoms
[5] https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/150496
[6] https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/colon-rectal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html
[7] https://www.mayoclinic.org/narrow-stools/expert-answers/faq-20057781
[8] https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318583

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women. Though it can often be prevented or treated successfully if found early. Knowing the early signs of cervical cancer can make a big difference in catching it before it progresses. Many women may not experience symptoms in the early stages, but when symptoms do appear, they should never be ignored. In this article, we will go over the early signs of cervical cancer and what you can do to protect your health.

Why Detecting Cervical Cancer is Key

On Cervical Cancer Day, it’s important to raise awareness about this condition and encourage women to learn about the early signs and the importance of regular screenings for prevention. When diagnosed in its initial stages, the chances of successful treatment are much higher. Cervical cancer often develops slowly, starting with pre-cancerous changes in the cells of the cervix. These changes can be detected through regular screenings before they turn into cancer. By recognizing the early warning signs and taking action, you can help prevent the disease from progressing and safeguard your health.

Common Early Signs of Cervical Cancer

While cervical cancer may not always show symptoms in the beginning, there are some early signs that you should watch out for. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to seek medical advice:

• Unusual Vaginal Bleeding: One of the most common early signs is unusual vaginal bleeding. This may include bleeding between periods, after intercourse, or after menopause. Any type of bleeding that seems unusual for you should be checked by a doctor.
• Pelvic Pain: If you experience pelvic or lower abdominal pain that is unrelated to your menstrual cycle, it may be a warning indication. If the pain persists or feels unusual, it’s important that you pay attention.
• Unexplained Vaginal Discharge: Vaginal discharge that is watery, pink, or smells bad could be a sign of cervical cancer. Any changes in your usual discharge should be monitored.
• Pain During Intercourse: Experiencing discomfort or pain during intercourse could be a sign of cervical issues, including cervical cancer.
  Painful or Difficult Urination: If you feel pain or discomfort when urinating or notice changes in your urinary habits, it could be a sign that something is wrong with your cervix.

It’s crucial to have these early indicators checked out to rule out any serious illnesses, even if they might not necessarily indicate cervical cancer.

Risk Factors to Keep in Mind

While any woman can develop cervical cancer, some factors may increase your risk. Here are some of the common risk factors to be aware of:

• HPV Infection: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the leading causes of cervical cancer. Certain strains of HPV can lead to changes in the cervical cells, which may develop into cancer over time.
• Smoking: Smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer by weakening the immune system and making it more difficult for the body to fight against HPV infections.
• Weakened Immune System: If your immune system is weakened by another health condition or medications, your body may be less able to fight off HPV infections, which can lead to cervical cancer.
• Multiple Pregnancies: Cervical cancer risk may be somewhat increased for women who have had multiple full-term pregnancies.
• Family History: If someone in your family has had cervical cancer, you may have a higher risk of developing the disease.

Knowing these risk factors can help you stay more vigilant about your health and take steps to reduce your chances of developing cervical cancer.

The Importance of Regular Screenings

Regular screenings can be one of the best ways to catch cervical cancer early. Screenings can detect abnormal changes in the cervix before they turn into cancer. Two common tests are:

• Pap Smear: A Pap smear checks your cervix for any abnormal cell changes that could turn into cancer if not treated. Regular Pap tests can catch these changes early, making treatment much more effective.
• HPV Test: This test checks for the presence of the HPV virus, which may lead to cervical cancer. It’s often done alongside a Pap smear, especially for women over 30.

Regular screenings are essential for women of all ages, especially if you have any of the risk factors mentioned earlier. Talk to your doctor about how often you should be screened.

Tips to Prevent Cervical Cancer

While you can’t completely prevent cervical cancer, there are several steps you can take to lower your risk:

• Get Vaccinated: There are vaccines to protect against certain types of HPV that may cause cervical cancer. If you’re eligible, you can consider getting vaccinated.
• Practice Safe Sex: Your risk of contracting HPV can be decreased by using condoms and limiting the number of sexual partners you have.
• Quit Smoking: If you smoke, quitting can help lower your risk of cervical cancer and improve your overall health.
• Maintain a Healthy Immune System: A strong immune system may help your body in fighting off infections such as HPV. Eating a good diet, exercising, and controlling stress can all help to improve your immune system.
• Regular Screenings: As mentioned earlier, regular Pap smears and HPV tests are key to catching cervical cancer early and preventing it from progressing.

When Should You Seek Medical Help

If you notice any early signs of cervical cancer, don’t wait to get medical advice. Catching it early is really important for successful treatment. If you have a family history of cervical cancer or any risk factors, make sure to stay on top of your regular screenings.
And if you’re ever feeling unsure or worried about your symptoms, it’s always a good idea to talk to a doctor for peace of mind and a proper check-up.

Conclusion

Cervical cancer is a serious health concern, but it can be managed effectively with early detection and preventive care. Watch for early signs like unusual bleeding, pelvic pain, or abnormal discharge, and don’t hesitate to see your healthcare provider if something feels wrong.

References:

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer#:~:text=Precancers%20rarely%20cause%20symptoms%2C%20which,samples%20collected%20by%20healthcare%20providers.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cervical-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352501#:~:text=Vaginal%20bleeding%20after%20intercourse%2C%20between,pain%20or%20pain%20during%20intercourse.
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=34&contentid=17227-1#:~:text=Having%20sex%20at%20a%20young,certain%20doesn’t%20have%20HPV.
https://www.cdc.gov/cervical-cancer/screening/index.html#:~:text=Screening%20tests,cell%20changes%20on%20the%20cervix.
https://www.cdc.gov/cervical-cancer/prevention/index.html

What if we could catch a major women’s health threat early enough to truly make a difference? Today, we are championing a cause that could change the course of many lives by empowering every woman to take control of her health through regular ovarian cancer screening. As we explore this critical topic, let’s uncover how accessible and essential health practices can help detect this silent killer early.

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer begins in the ovaries, which is where the eggs are produced. This cancer often goes unnoticed in its early stages because it typically doesn’t show many clear or specific symptoms, which can make it hard to detect early. When symptoms like bloating, pelvic pain, and changes in bathroom habits do occur, they often resemble common stomach and digestive issues, leading many to overlook them until the cancer has progressed. As per the World Cancer Research Fund, globally, ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer in women.

Types of Ovarian Cancer Screening

Screening for ovarian cancer typically involves methods designed to detect cancer before symptoms become apparent. The most common screenings include the transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and the CA-125 blood test. TVUS is a type of pelvic ultrasound used extensively to examine the reproductive organs and detect anomalies in the ovaries. Meanwhile, the CA-125 blood test measures the level of the protein CA-125, which is often elevated in women with ovarian cancer.

Who is Eligible for Ovarian Cancer Screening?

The following groups of women are recommended to undergo regular screenings based on their risk levels:

Women with Genetic Predispositions: Those who have a family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer should consider starting screening earlier and more frequently. This group may benefit from annual screenings starting from the age of 30 or 10 years earlier than the youngest age at the diagnosis in the family, whichever comes first.

Women with a Personal History of Cancer: Those who have previously had breast, uterine, colon, or rectal cancer often have a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer and should discuss their screening schedule with their healthcare provider.

Postmenopausal Women: Older women, especially those who have gone through menopause, are at a higher risk for ovarian cancer. They should discuss the feasibility and timing of screenings like TVUS and CA-125 blood tests with their healthcare professionals.

Regular Interval Discussions: For those who are at increased risk, discussing the appropriate intervals for screening with their healthcare provider is crucial. Generally, annual screenings are recommended, but the frequency may increase based on individual risk assessments and the advice of their healthcare provider.

Overcoming Barriers to Screening

Despite the availability of screening methods, various barriers deter women from undergoing regular ovarian cancer screenings. Lack of awareness about the disease and its screening options tops the list, followed by psychological barriers such as fear of diagnosis. Cultural beliefs and societal norms also play a significant role, where discussing gynecological health may be taboo or stigmatized. Moreover, in regions where healthcare is not readily accessible or affordable, even willing individuals may find it challenging to seek help.

Empowering women to overcome these hurdles involves a multifaceted approach. Raising awareness through community education, creating supportive environments that respect cultural sensitivities, and enhancing access to healthcare services are vital steps. Additionally, encouraging open conversations about gynecological health and normalizing these discussions can significantly reduce stigma and promote a more proactive attitude towards health screening.

Importance of Advocacy and Education

The role of advocacy and education in enhancing awareness about ovarian cancer cannot be overstated. By informing women about the importance of early screening and its potential to save lives, we can shift the narrative from fear and ignorance to empowerment and action. Advocates and educators can influence public health policies, improve healthcare services, and ensure that every woman understands the risks and the benefits of early detection.

Wrapping It Up

Let us renew our commitment to ensuring no woman is left behind in the fight against ovarian cancer. Through increased understanding, accessible screening, overcoming societal barriers, and strong advocacy, we can make a significant difference. Every woman must be empowered to take charge of her health by making ovarian cancer screening a priority.

Reference Links:

https://www.wcrf.org/cancer-trends/ovarian-cancer-statistics/
https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/ovarian/basic_info/screening.htm
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/ca-125-test/about/pac-20393295#:~:text=Overview,high%20risk%20of%20the%20disease.
https://ocrahope.org/get-the-facts/statistics/#:~:text=Ovarian%20cancer%20accounts%20for%202.5,the%20deadliest%20of%20gynecologic%20cancers.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33620837/#:~:text=Ovarian%20cancer%20is%20the%20leading,poor%20outcomes%20of%20this%20disease.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6459072/
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/ovarian-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/detection.html
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/ovarian-cancer/getting-diagnosed/screening
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/screening-for-ovarian-cancer-beyond-the-basics#:~:text=In%20this%20group%2C%20ovarian%20cancer,125%20and%20a%20pelvic%20ultrasound.

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgery in which an incision is made near the belly button. A thin tube with a fitted camera, also known as a laparoscope, is inserted. The camera allows the surgeon to see the organs in the pelvic area and locate the endometriosis. The surgeon can then remove the endometriosis tissue using a small surgical instrument.

Laparoscopy is usually recommended for mild to moderate endometriosis. It is a safe and effective procedure with a faster recovery time than open surgery. Patients can get back to their routine within a week.

The benefits of laparoscopy for endometriosis surgery are:

• Minimally invasive: Laparoscopy requires only tiny incisions, resulting in less scarring and a faster recovery time.
• Accurate: The camera allows the surgeon to see the endometriosis tissue and remove it precisely.
• Cost-effective: Laparoscopy is less expensive than open surgery.
• Shorter hospital stay: Laparoscopy usually is an outpatient procedure; the patient can go home very next day of the procedure.

Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is a surgical intervention that involves the removal of the uterus. In certain instances, the procedure may also include the removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. Hysterectomy is usually recommended for severe endometriosis that does not respond to other treatments.

Hysterectomy can be done differently; vaginal, abdominal, and laparoscopic. The type of surgery depends on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s preference. 

The benefits of hysterectomy for endometriosis surgery are:

• Permanent solution: Hysterectomy removes the uterus, which means the patient will no longer have periods and endometriosis-related pain.
• Effective: Hysterectomy is a highly effective treatment for severe endometriosis.
• Reduced risk of ovarian cancer: Removing the ovaries reduces the risk of ovarian cancer in women with a high risk of developing it.
• Improved quality of life: Hysterectomy can improve the patient’s quality of life by relieving pain and other symptoms.

Excision Surgery

In excision surgery, the endometriosis tissue is removed from the affected organs. This surgery is usually recommended for women with severe endometriosis.

Excision surgery can be laparoscopic or an open surgery, depending on the extent of the endometriosis. The surgeon removes the tissue using a surgical instrument and then repairs any organ damage.

The benefits of excision surgery for endometriosis surgery are:

• Precise removal of endometriosis tissue: Excision surgery removes the endometriosis tissue completely, reducing the recurrence risk.
• Preserves fertility: Excision surgery can preserve the ovaries and fallopian tubes, improving the patient’s chances of conceiving.
• Improved quality of life: Excision surgery can relieve pain and other symptoms, improving the patient’s quality of life.

Radical Hysterectomy

Radical excision surgery is recommended for women with severe endometriosis that has spread to other organs in the pelvic area. It involves removing the affected organs, such as the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and sometimes even the bladder or rectum.

Radical excision surgery can be done as an open surgery or laparoscopically, depending on the extent of the endometriosis. The surgeon removes the affected organs and then repairs any damage to surrounding tissues.

The benefits of radical excision surgery for endometriosis surgery are:

• Permanent solution: Radical excision surgery removes the affected organs, which means the patient will no longer have periods and endometriosis-related pain.
• High success rate: Radical excision surgery has a high success rate in treating severe endometriosis.
• Reduced risk of recurrence: Removing the affected organs reduces the risk of recurrence.
• Improved quality of life: The patient’s quality of life may be improved by undergoing radical excision surgery, which can alleviate their pain.

Conclusion

In conclusion, endometriosis surgery can help manage the symptoms of endometriosis and improve the patient’s quality of life. However, the recommended type of surgery depends on the endometriosis’s severity and extent. Each type of surgery has its benefits. Patients must consult their doctor to discuss the various options and determine the best treatment plan for their individual needs.

References

https://www.healthline.com/health/endometriosis/laparoscopy-for-endometriosis
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/4620-endometriosis-surgery
https://www.brighamandwomens.org/obgyn/infertility-reproductive-surgery/endometriosis/surgical-treatment-of-endometriosis-excision-and-destruction#:~:text=Excision%20of%20endometriotic%20lesions%20or,different%20kinds%20of%20energy%20sources.
https://www.circlehealthgroup.co.uk/health-matters/womens-health/radical-endometriosis-surgery#:~:text=What%20is%20radical%20surgery%20for,other%20treatments%20did%20not%20help.