Sinusitis, also commonly known as a sinus infection, refers to a condition in which your sinuses or nasal passages are inflamed or swollen. Sinuses are small air pockets located on the cheekbones (maxillary sinuses), in the lower center of the forehead (frontal sinuses), between the eyes (ethmoid sinuses), and behind the nose (sphenoid sinuses). These sinuses produce mucus, a thin liquid that keeps the inside of your nose moist and protects it against dust, germs, and pollutants. Healthy sinuses are filled with air. But fluid build-up in the sinuses can cause blockage, which in turn causes infection. Some of the conditions that cause Sinusitis are common cold, allergic rhinitis (swelling in the nasal lining), nasal polyps (tiny growths on the nasal lining), and deviated nasal septum.

Types of Sinusitis

1. Acute Sinusitis: As the name itself suggests, acute sinusitis isn’t severe and doesn’t last for long. This is usually caused by a viral infection that is accompanied by a common cold. This type of sinusitis lasts for 1 – 2 weeks. If this sinusitis is caused by a bacterial infection, it might last up to 2 – 4 weeks.
2. Sub-acute Sinusitis: Sub-acute sinusitis is usually caused by bacterial infections or seasonal allergies. The symptoms may last between 4 weeks to 3 months.
3. Chronic Sinusitis: The symptoms of a chronic sinusitis last for more than 3 months, and they are also less severe. This condition is caused by bacterial infections, seasonal allergies, or persistent nasal problems.

Risk Factors of Sinusitis

Anyone can be prone to a sinus infection. However, certain conditions and risk factors can increase your chances of developing sinusitis. They are:

Deviated Nasal Septum: In this condition, the tissue wall that separates the left and right nostril is displaced unevenly.

Nasal Polyps: Nasal polyps are non-cancerous growths in the nasal lining.

Nasal Bone Spur: This condition refers to bone growth in the nose.

Allergies: Patients with a history of allergies are often prone to sinusitis.

Cystic Fibrosis: In this condition, there is a buildup of thick mucus in the lungs and the mucus membrane lining.

Apart from the above-mentioned conditions, various other risk factors increase the chances of sinus infection such as weak immune system, smoking, dental infection, and many more. It is important to be mindful of these risk factors and treat them to reduce the risk of sinusitis.

Diagnosis of Sinusitis

To diagnose a sinus infection, your doctor will initially ask you about the symptoms. After understanding the symptoms, they may conduct a physical examination, where they will check for tenderness in your nose and face. After this step, the doctor may decide the right method to diagnose sinusitis.

1. Imaging Tests: The doctor may recommend a CT scan or an MRI, through which an infection in the sinuses or the nasal area might be detected.
2. Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a fiber-optic light (endoscope), is inserted through your nose to see the inside of your sinuses in detail.
3. Allergy Tests: If your doctor suspects allergies to be the primary cause of sinusitis, they might suggest an allergy test. This test is a safe and quick way to detect which allergen is responsible for triggering the sinus infection.
4. Blood Tests: This is to check for certain underlying conditions and diseases that may weaken the immune system, which in turn triggers sinusitis.

In cases of acute or sub-acute sinusitis, the doctor can diagnose the condition based on the symptoms and the physical examination. However, in case of chronic sinusitis, the doctor may recommend the above-mentioned tests to examine the nasal cavity.

Sinusitis Treatment

The treatment for sinus infection depends on the type of sinusitis and the severity of the symptoms. The doctor would initially prescribe over-the-counter medications and decongestants. Certain home remedies may also help relieve sinusitis. Some of the most common treatment methods for sinusitis include:

Nasal Sprays: The doctor might prescribe over-the-counter nasal sprays that help treat inflammation in the nasal lining, thus relieving your sinus infection. But, prolonged use of the nasal spray can cause a rebound effect and make the symptoms worse. However, a steroid nasal spray can reduce the nasal congestion symptoms without the risk of rebound symptoms.

Nasal Irrigation: In this method, saltwater is sprayed into the nasal cavity to rinse away the fluid buildup and irritants.

Oral Medications: These medications are used in case of severe symptoms, especially when the patient is diagnosed with conditions such as nasal polyps. However, medicines like oral corticosteroids can cause serious side effects if used for a long time.

Antibiotics:  Antibiotics are necessary if the sinusitis is caused by bacterial infections and other treatment methods such as nasal sprays and over-the-counter medicines aren’t working. In case of severe symptoms, the doctor might prescribe an antibiotic for 3 – 14 days, depending on the severity of the symptoms.

Immunotherapy: This therapy is used when sinusitis is caused by allergies. In this therapy, allergy shots are given to the patient to reduce the body’s reaction to certain allergens. This method addresses the cause of sinusitis by treating the allergy rather than temporarily suppressing it with over-the-counter medications.

Surgery: Surgery is used as the last resort when other treatment methods fail. Before the surgery, the doctor performs an endoscopy to observe the sinuses. Depending on the type of obstruction, the doctor may remove tissue or an extra growth in the nasal passage to relieve the blockage. Enlarging a narrow sinus passage may also help drain the fluid buildup, thus relieving the symptoms.

Balloon sinuplasty is also known as balloon catheter dilation surgery or “smart sinus” procedure. It is a relatively new surgery and is a procedure to clear blocked sinuses.

Though sinusitis is a very common condition, it is important to stay mindful of the symptoms and prevent them from getting severe. Since sinusitis usually develops after a cold or an allergic reaction, following a healthy lifestyle and limiting exposure to smoke, chemicals, allergens, and pollutants can help keep sinusitis at bay. Stay informed and stay healthy!

Our faces have a group of individual parts that make a whole complete structure, and they are all connected. If any person has an earache or even a sore throat, it is often accompanied by a symptom in another part of the facial region. It’s the same for a person who has sinusitis. Sinusitis is affecting the eyes of the patients.

The sinuses are located in the facial region. Problems in the sinuses can cause a feeling of pressure on the face, cheeks, by the nose, behind the eye, and forehead and even eye pain, feeling of fluid or fullness in the ears.

Since sinuses are located behind the eye and near the inner corners of the eyes it may be possible that eyes can be affected due to infections in the sinuses. After sinusitis, the body naturally tries to flush out the infection from the sinuses. The proper flow of mucus is blocked and causes feelings of facial pressure and pain, near the sinuses areas. The pressure behind the eyes is a good indication of a sinus infection.

Facial pressure is never ideal, and it should not be ignored. If the facial pressure persists for a week then visit a doctor to administer the best form of treatment. An ENT specialist can provide complete care that can help treat the eyes if they are irritated due to the sinuses, or refer the patient in the right direction if the eyes are affected by allergies.

It is always recommended to avoid self medications and prefer to visit an ENT specialist. For lasting relief, some non-surgical procedures exist, like the Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure. The sinuses can be drained with this minimally invasive procedure, helping eliminate sinus problems. This procedure can be done in ENT OPD or Operation Room and can be completed within an hour.

This is an approved technology by USFDA, India DGHS, and European CE. Affordable and inexpensive Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure are available at several medical tourist destinations abroad. India, the USA, Jordan, Mexico, Costa Rica, and Turkey are using the Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure. Patients will receive the Medical Reimbursement of Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure as it is approved by IRDAI.

Make an appointment with an ENT specialist and find out if a Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure is the best option for you.

What are sinus headaches / Rhinogenic Headache?

Have you ever felt under pressure around your eyes and cheeks, and your head is throbbing? It would appear that you have another Sinus headache / Rhinogenic Headache.

Sinusitis/rhinosinusitis is an inflammation of the tissues lining the sinuses. It leads to poor or blocked sinus drainage and causes congestion, headaches, runny nose, loss of smell and taste, and infections. Worldwide it affects millions of people every year.

Acute vs. Chronic

Acute sinusitis only lasts for a short period, as stated by the American Academy of Otolaryngology. Usually, it’s less than four weeks. In an acute infection, the patient suffers from a part of a cold or other respiratory illness.

Chronic sinus infections last for more than twelve weeks or recur periodically. Allergies & nasal polyps are noticed in these patients.

Symptoms Of A Sinus Headache / Rhinogenic Headache

• Pain, pressure, and fullness in your cheeks
• Uncomfortable pressure behind the forehead
• Stuffy nose
• Runny nose
• Fatigue
• Green or yellow nasal discharge and congestion
• Achy feeling in the upper teeth
• Allergies & nasal polyps lead to sinus pain and symptoms

Causes of a Sinus Headache / Rhinogenic Headache:

Sinus headaches / Rhinogenic Headache are triggered by allergic reactions or changes in weather. Allergy caused by pollen or dust – affects the mucous membranes leads to our eyes watery and nose runny.

Bacterial infections, viral infections & fungal infections trigger a sinus headache. Viral infections last for a few days whereas bacterial infections can last for 7 days or beyond.

 Allergic Fungal Sinusitis may affect our lung and respiratory issues and the patient has asthma or nasal polyps.

When to See an ENT

Usually, people often blame these symptoms on allergies or cold attack, headache or simply feeling the effect of weather change. However, it can be an indication of Sinusitis. Paying attention to these symptoms and the duration of occurring can help determine to visit an ENT specialist.

Treatment for Sinus headache / Rhinogenic Headache

Your ENT specialist may treat your sinus headache with pain relievers, allergy medications,  antibiotics, decongestants, or steroids.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.  2017 suggests after performing a Clinical study, that  Balloon Sinuplasty should be considered as an effective alternative option for the Treatment of Sinus headache / Rhinogenic Headache.

How Balloon Sinus Surgery Works

The Balloon Sinus Surgery can be performed in the ENT’s office or OT. A local or general anesthetic is applied to numb the area. Then a very small balloon catheter is inserted up through the nasal passage into the sinus. The balloon is inflated and this opens the sinus passage. The ENT flushes out the mucous and pus that has collected in the sinus with a saline solution. The balloon is removed and the sinus passage stays open.

When the balloon is inflated, it permanently alters the structure of the sinus opening. The passage not only is opened by the balloon, but it also stays open afterward. This keeps the sinus from being blocked. Because the sinus isn’t blocked it drains properly. Since the sinuses are draining you don’t get sinus headaches. It’s a cure for sinus headaches that lasts.

Balloon sinuplasty is a new technology for treating Sinus Headaches / Rhinogenic Headaches & chronic sinusitis. This is a UFDA approved technology. Affordable and inexpensive Balloon Sinuplasty procedures are available at several medical tourist destinations abroad. India, the USA, Mexico, Costa Rica, Jordan, and Turkey are using Balloon sinuplasty

Benefits of a balloon sinuplasty

A Balloon sinuplasty can treat  Sinus Headache, chronic sinusitis, opening your blocked sinuses & you will get relief. This is perhaps the biggest benefit of a balloon sinuplasty. Here are some more benefits.

1. This is a minimally invasive procedure

 The balloon sinuplasty doesn’t need an incision. The balloon is inflated and this opens the sinus passage, the cavity is cleaned and drained. No incisions or stitches!

2. The procedure takes very little time

   The balloon sinuplasty can be performed in the ENT’s office or OT, and it takes about an hour.

3. Faster Recovery

Minimally invasive procedures provide faster recovery compared to traditional surgery ― and balloon sinuplasty is no exception. The majority of patients return to their normal activities within a couple of days.

4. No nasal packing

Some nasal surgeries require nasal packing to absorb any bleeding. Remember, there’s no need for incisions or bone/tissue removal with a balloon sinuplasty, so you will not experience the same post-surgical discomfort.

5. Long-lasting relief

The most rewarding benefits of a balloon sinuplasty are that the relief is Long-lasting. In a research article published in the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, patients report relief for up to two years after the procedure.

Talk To The ENT About Your Sinus Headaches / Rhinogenic Headaches

If you have recurrent sinus headaches, it’s time to talk to the ENT. Make an appointment to discuss and find out if

Balloon Sinus Surgery is the best option for you. You have nothing to lose but the pain and discomfort of sinus headaches.

What is Sinusitis?

Sinusitis/Rhinosinusitis is an infection or inflammation of the tissues lining the sinuses. It leads to poor or blocked sinus drainage. Sinusitis can occur in people of any age. Sinusitis in children also often & cause discomfort to the patient.

What are the symptoms of Sinusitis?

According to the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the signs of sinusitis include:

• Nasal inflammation
• Nasal obstruction or Congestion
• Pain, tenderness, and swelling around the eyes, cheeks, forehead, nose
• Continuous Headaches
• Runny nose
• Thick & discolored discharge from the nose
• Allergies & nasal polyps lead to sinus pain and symptoms
• Loss of smell and taste, and infections

Worldwide sinusitis affects millions of people every year.

Acute vs. Chronic

Acute sinusitis lasts for a short period, as stated by the American Academy of Otolaryngology. It’s less than four weeks. During an Acute sinus infection, the patient suffers from a cold attack or other respiratory illness.

Chronic sinus infections last for more than twelve weeks. It may recur periodically. Allergies & nasal polyps are commonly noticed in these patients.

Sinusitis in Children

Sinusitis in children is a concern, and parents need to consider it seriously  & check-up with their doctor. The child’s nose needs to be examined to determine the cause of sinusitis. A mucus sample of the child may show what germ is causing the infection. It can help the doctor to opt for the appropriate treatment. Even if the child’s symptoms go away on their own, the recurring sinus attack history should be reported to the doctor’s attention. Immune problems or antibody deficiencies may be risky for chronic sinusitis.

What causes sinusitis in a child?

When the sinuses are blocked due to the infection, bacteria may start to grow. This leads to sinusitis or Nasal Congestion

The most common bacteria that cause acute sinusitis include:

• Moraxella catarrhalis

• Streptococcus pneumonia

• Haemophilus influenzae

How is sinusitis diagnosed in a child?

The Doctor will record the Medical health history of the child and ask for a physical exam. The child may have tests, such as:

• Sinus X-rays: An X-ray exam of the sinuses may help with the diagnosis.

• CT scan of the sinuses: A CT scan shows detailed images of the sinuses

• Cultures from the sinuses: A swab of discharge from the nose may be taken. The sample is checked for the culture of bacteria or other germs.

What are the treatments available for Sinusitis?

The ENT specialist will be the best option to treat sinusitis in a child with pain relievers, antibiotics, allergy medications, decongestants, or steroids.

According to Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2009 March, Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure in children seems to be very encouraging. There is no bone or tissue removal, the procedure seems to be suitable for use in children.

Safety and feasibility of Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure for treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in children

Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure can treat chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) by opening your blocked sinuses & you will get relief. This technique allows for restoring ventilation to the sinuses with minimal trauma to the tissues. According to Am J Rhinol Allergy Jan-Feb 2010, Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure of the sinus Ostia in children was safe and a significant number showed improvement.

Here are some benefits of the Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure:

1. This is a minimally invasive procedure

The Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure doesn’t need an incision. The balloon is inflated to open the sinus passage, the cavity is cleaned and drained. No incisions or stitches are necessary.

2. The procedure takes very little time

The  Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure can be performed in the ENT’s office or OT, and it takes about an hour.

3. Faster Recovery

Minimally invasive procedures provide faster recovery compared to traditional surgery ― and Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure is no exception. The majority of patients return to their normal activities within a couple of days.

4. No nasal packing

Traditional nasal surgeries require nasal packing for absorbing the bleeding. Remember, there’s no need for incisions or bone/tissue removal with Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure, so you will not experience the same post-surgical discomfort.

5. Long-lasting relief

The most rewarding benefit of a Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure is, the relief is Long-lasting. In a research article published in the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, patients report relief for up to two years after the procedure.

Talk To The ENT

If your child has chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), it’s time to talk to the ENT. Make an appointment to discuss and find out if a Balloon Sinus Dilation Procedure is the best option for your child. Your child will recover soon if he or she gets the proper treatment from an ENT.